While AI has significantly improved weather prediction capabilities, achieving near 100% accuracy in weather forecasting is unlikely due to the inherent complexity of the Earth's atmosphere. Weather prediction involves simulating and modeling an enormous number of dynamic processes, including atmospheric conditions, ocean currents, and interactions with various factors like land, mountains, and solar radiation.
Currently, numerical weather prediction models, which use mathematical equations to simulate the atmosphere's behavior, are the primary tools used for weather forecasting. These models run on supercomputers and incorporate data from various sources, such as weather satellites, weather stations, and buoys.
AI and machine learning techniques have been integrated into weather prediction to improve the accuracy of certain aspects of forecasting, such as precipitation estimation, extreme weather event prediction, and local weather patterns. AI algorithms can analyze vast amounts of data quickly and identify patterns that may be difficult for traditional methods to detect.
However, weather prediction accuracy is still influenced by various factors, such as the availability and quality of data, the complexity of atmospheric interactions, and the limitations of models and algorithms. Uncertainties in initial conditions and incomplete understanding of certain atmospheric processes can also affect prediction accuracy.